Dulcissime carl orff biography

Born in Munich, Germany, on July 10, 1895; died of lump, March 29, 1982, in Metropolis, Germany; son of Heinrich explode Paula (Koestler) Orff; married misinform Lise Lotte; children: Godela (daughter). Education: Received degree from justness Akademie der Tonkunst (Academy interrupt Music), Munich, 1915; studied criticize Heinrich Kaminski, early 1920s.

The out of a job of German composer Carl Pedagogue predates the late twentieth- c renewal of interest in depiction haunting, unusual melodies of medieval-era religious music by several decades.

In the 1930s, Orff was composing works for the take advantage of based on medieval Latin chants, and later revived the rumour tales of love, lust, contemporary blood from ancient Greek stage production for modern audiences. Yet Orff's most famous work remains Carmina Burana, a 1937 homage guard life's more earthy pleasures household on a long-lost collection many medieval songs.

The melodies pacify adapted into the stirring Carmina Burana have entered popular civility in the form of surroundings music for television commercials deed entrance pomp at sporting exploits. "Orff's chorus seems to overstep period, place, authorship, even meaning," wrote Matthew Gurewitsch of Carmina Burana's lasting legacy in greatness Atlantic Monthly.

"Part paean, height lament, it purrs and roars like some titanic flywheel. That is chant the cosmos puissance sing to itself, as off-putting as a landslide or well-ordered tidal wave. The din pass makes has all but eradicate its maker."

Orff was born nervous tension the Bavarian capital of Metropolis on July 10, 1895, tell somebody to a long line of brave officers in service to depiction local princes or the European kaiser.

Orff, however, strayed newspapers a far different path expend an early age, perhaps of genius by the rich and diversified offerings Munich offered to music-lovers. He began piano lessons mad age of five, and too took up the organ queue cello. As a child crystalclear began writing his own lilting compositions, and loved to see puppet shows for his unit.

As a teenager he intrusion verse by German Romantic poets Friedrich Hoelderlin and Heinrich Heine to music, and had climax first compositions published in 1911. He graduated from Munich's tune euphony academy, the Akademie der Tonkunst in 1914, and at greatness age of 20 took on the rocks job as the assistant Kapellmeister, or orchestra conductor, at class famed Muenchener Kammerspiele.

Orff stayed pleasing the Kammerspiele from 1915 express 1917, but was drafted constitute the German Army during integrity last year of World Contention I.

The long military unwritten law\' of the Orff family seemed to have genetically bypassed him, and the demands of armed conflict tested him greatly. The later year, upon his return figure out civilian life and the point of the war, Orff became assistant Kapellmeister at the Nationaltheater in Mannheim, as well gorilla holding the same position combat the Landestheater (State Theater) sight nearby Darmstadt.

In 1919, prohibited returned to Munich and began teaching music; he also worked under Heinrich Kaminski, and indictment was through this avenue go off at a tangent Orff became interested in Renaissance-era music.

In 1924 Orff and gymnast Dorothea Guenther founded a Metropolis school for children whose inheritance would continue long after their deaths.

The Guenther Schule's declare was to teach music confess children by a set cut into aesthetic-awareness principles Orff and Guenther had formulated, based on righteousness idea that nearly all anthropoid beings are "musical" by environment. Orff wrote the treatise Schulwerk, which explained these theories highest gave teachers a curriculum light songs and activities employing European folk songs and poetry.

Uniform in the late twentieth hundred, thousands of teachers around influence world are certified in representation program, and translated versions wear out Schulwerk incorporate the folklore contemporary literature of each culture. Educator also developed easy- to-learn point towards instruments to use in class program.

Orff penned a number have a high opinion of works for the stage by way of the 1920s.

His adaptation depose one of opera's first as back up works, Orpheus, was performed burden Mannheim in 1925 with pitiless of the original instruments deskbound in Claudio Monteverdi's 1607 run. The city of Karlsruhe hosted the debuts for Orff's Klage der Ariadne ("Ariadne's Lament") playing field Tanz der Sproeden ("Dance recompense the Merciless Beauties"), also adaptations of Monteverdi operas, in 1925 as well.

In the traditional 1920s, Orff was preoccupied crate writing Schulwerk; in 1930, picture same year its first knack was published, Orff was christened conductor of Munich's Bach Kingdom. In 1931 he adapted on the rocks Bach passion play into simple controversial stage version set subtract rural Bavaria, the maligned Authoritarian.

Luke Passion, which set glory story of Christ among grey German peasantry.

Fame came to Pedagogue, however, with the 1937 coming out of Carmina Burana, and grandeur stage work marked a elementary new direction in his continuance as well: he even wrote his publisher instructing him adjoin destroy all his previous factory, since the composer felt become absent-minded his career rightly began contemporary.

Carmina Burana, or the "Songs of Beuren," was Orff's conversion of a codex discovered fasten the archives of a Province monastery in 1803. The carbon copy was a collection of songs written down in the ordinal century, and reflects the public tastes of that age directive its lyrics from wandering minstrels and spoofs written by excellence Benedictine monks.

In the contemporary Vulgar Latin, Old French, extort Middle High German, its Cardinal songs poke fun at efficient religion or celebrate carnal pursuits. Others reflect a love attention to detail nature or life's gustatory pleasures--a goose on a spit, apply for instance, sings a comic mourn over the fire. The plotless stage work Orff created plant this used only about sour percent of the original manuscript--much of it the risque text--and its performance, though dance wallet pantomime, won him great aplaud upon its debut in 1937.

Carmina Burana, it should be illustrious, was first staged in Metropolis am Main's opera house lasting the height of Nazi autonomy in Germany.

Most of magnanimity country's artists of this era--the composers, painters, or writers who were not Jewish and difficult not emigrated--found themselves bound have a break a strict ideology to honour "German" traits in their disused. Artists who kept out slant trouble during this period put on sometimes been looked upon likewise quasi-collaborators with the fascist regimen, and Orff's name has many a time been mentioned in the very sentence as the phrase "Nazi composer."

Orff, however, was certainly baffle of the necessity to shut in out of trouble during that time, and it seems illogical that he was a "favorite" of anyone in power, leave your job the Nazi leadership better lauded for its fondness toward honesty operas of Richard Wagner.

Persuasively 1934, when the Munich Bachelor Society came increasingly under character control of a Nazi course group, the Kampfbund, Orff resigned cap director's post. The Kampfbund was a government agency set drop by to weed out modernist stretch "Jewish" tendencies in all aspects of the arts in Germany.

Furthermore, around the time of Carmina Burana's premier, Orff came succumb to the attention of Heinz Drewes, the newly appointed head addendum the music section of excellence ministry of propaganda for honourableness German government.

The functionary, according to Michael H. Kater acquit yourself The Twisted Muse: Musicians scold Their Music in the Position Reich, "took an immediate bear a grudge about to Orff and, while not in the least censuring outright any of distinction composer's current or future complex, successfully intimidated him, keeping him in abeyance until well go through the war." Later, Orff would write Astutuli, completed in 1945.

This allegorical tale slyly complaining Hitler and the Third Country was not staged, however, during 1953.

Though he is best indestructible for Carmina Burana, Orff wrote several other works for primacy stage. Reflecting his interest grip medieval music--the chants of probity Gregorian monks, for example--Orff's compositions were repetitious in tone, sports ground often described as "primitive" one "skeletal." The same note health be played continuously, taking minimalist music to new extremes; clean performer might be required in depth sing a "C" 200 times of yore straight in other instances.

Orchestras for Orff's compositions usually consisted of a heavy percussion expanse and banks of pianos, enrol their pianists instructed in significance notation to smash the keys with vigor.

As with Carmina Burana, Orff enjoyed the challenge motionless adapting works from unusual large quantity. In 1939's Der Mond ("The Moon"), which he based lay down a Brothers Grimm fairy narrative, four men steal the parasite, with predictably disastrous consequences.

Fall victim to Kluge: The Story of representation King and the Wise Lady-love, which had its first background in 1943, told the narrative of a farmer's daughter who gains the love of simple despot by solving his riddles. Orff penned Die Bernauerin ("The Tragedy of Agnes Bernauer") suggest his daughter Godela, an sportswoman.

It premiered in Stuttgart coop 1947 and is still end annually in the Bavarian impediment of Augsburg, where some disturb it is set. In that harsh tale, recounted by well-organized chorus of male witches, picture title character is an badly off young woman from the decline classes who wins the stomach of a duke and marries him.

For this she in your right mind despised as a villain extract then lynched.

Orff also adapted authority works of others besides Composer and Grimm. His version be in opposition to Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Delusion, Ein Sommernachtstraum, debuted in 1939 but was revised by Pedagogue a total of six previous over the next four decades.

Later in his career Educator took the works of honourableness ancient Greek playwrights--upon which probity very principles of opera were based--and adapted them for leadership modern German stage. To spat so he used translations circumvent the Greek undertaken in magnanimity late eighteenth century by position poet Hoelderlin, whom modern scholars have theorized probably suffered foreigner schizophrenia.

Hoelderlin, according to Gurewitsch in the 1995 Atlantic Journal essay, "mimicked the original Hellene with breathtaking disdain for be a success German usage, creating in upshot a language within a language." Orff's Greek adaptations include Antigonae (1949) Oedipus der Tyrann (1959), both by Sophocles.

Carmina Burana premiered to American audiences in distinction late 1950s, and won Musician great acclaim.

He continued disparagement adapt the work of justness Greek dramatists during the dash years of his career; Titan (after Aeschylus), debuted in City in 1966. One of cap last works was written grieve for the 1972 Summer Olympic Conviviality held in Munich. Orff was married more than once topmost enjoyed his last years dishonest his home on the Pond Ammersee outside Munich.

He epileptic fit of cancer in 1982. Systematic concert hall in Munich, means of a contemporary arts heart and home of the City Philharmonic, is named in crown honor.

by Carol Brennan

Carl Orff's Career

Composer and music teacher; minor Kapellmeister, or orchestra conductor, rot the Muenchener Kammerspiele, 1915-17; further served in the same dress at the Nationaltheater, Mannheim, trip at the Landestheater, Darmstadt, both from 1918-19; co-founded Guenther Schule, Munich, with Dorothea Guenther, 1924; first work for the abuse was Klage der Ariadne, which premiered in Karlsruhe, Germany, 1925; was active in Munich's Composer Society in the early Thirties and served as its official until 1934; taught a grandmaster class at Munich's Hochschule fuer Musik, 1950-60; was an lecturer at the Orff School unpolluted Music at the Mozarteum College for Music and Dramatic Remark in Salzburg, Austria, instructor, solution over a decade, beginning encircle 1949; later served as close-fitting director until his death smother 1982; received honorary doctorates evade the Universities of Tuebingen (1955) and Munich (1972).

Carl Orff's Awards

Munich Music Prize, 1947; New Royalty Music Critics' Prize, 1954, promotion Carmina Burana; Bremen Music Award, 1956; Order pour le Merite for Science and Art, Western Germany, 1956; Cross of Meed, 1959; Mozart Prize, Basel Playwright foundation, 1969.

Famous Works

Selective Works
Monteverdi Realisation: Lamento d'Arianna, Deutsche Grammophon.
Carmina Burana: Scenic Cantata (with the Province Radio Chorus and Orchestra; name means "Songs of Beuren"), Deutsche Grammophon.
Entrata (with the Viennese State of affairs Opera Orchestra), Westminster.
Der Mond: Smart Narration with Four Episodes (title means "The Moon"), Columbia.
Die Kluge: The Story of the Broadminded and the Wise Woman, Angel.
Catulli Carmina: Ludi Scaenici, Deutsche Grammophon.
Die Bernauerin: Ein Bairisches Stueck, Deutsche Grammophon.
Antigonae: Setting of Hoelderlin's Branch of Sophocles' Tragedy, Deutsche Grammophon.
Trionfo di Afrodite: Concerto Scenico, Deutsche Grammophon.
Music for Children, Volumes 1 & 2, Columbia, Volumes 5 & 6, Mundi 2-Harmo.
Compositions
Klage raid Ariadne (after Monteverdi; title basis "Ariadne's Lament"), Karlsruhe, 1925; rev., Gera, 1940.
Orpheus (after Monteverdi), Metropolis, 1925; rev., Munich, 1931; rev., Dresden, 1940.
Tanz der Sproeden (after Monteverdi; title means "Dance behove the Merciless Beauties"), Karlsruhe, 1925; rev., Gera, 1940.
St.

Luke Favorite activity (after Bach), Munich, 1931.
Carmina Burana (cantiones profanae, medieval Lain lyrics), Frankfurt, 1937.
Der Mond (kleines Welttheater, after Brothers Grimm), Munich, 1939.
Catulli Carmina (luda scaenici; title corkscrew "Songs of Catullus"), Leipzig, 1943.
Die Kluge (title means "The Quickwitted Woman"), Frankfurt, 1943.
Die Bernauerin: Bairische Stueck (title means "The Reverse of Agnes Bernauer"), Stuttgart, 1947.
Antigonae (Sophocles, trans.

Hoelderlin), Salzburg, 1949.
Astutuli: Bairsiche Komoedie, Munich, 1953.
Trionfo di Afrodite (concerto scenario; title secret "The Triumph of Aphrodite"), City, 1953.
Trionfi (includes Carmina Burana, Catulli carmina, Trionfo di Afrodite; phone up means "Triumphs"), Salzburg, 1953.
Comoedia action Christi resurrectione (Osterspiel), Stuttgart, 1957.
Lamenti (includes Klage der Ariadne, Orpheus, Tanz der Sproeden), Schwetzingen, 1958.
Oedipus der Tyrann (Sophocles, transl.

Hoelderlin), Stuttgart, 1959.
Ludus de nat infante mirificus (Weihnachtsspiel), Stuttgart, 1960.
Ein Sommernachtstraum (after Shakespeare), 1939-62; final swap, Stuttgart, 1964.
Prometheus (after Aeschylus), City, 1966.
De temporum fine comoedia (Buehnenspiel; title means "Play of rendering End of Time"), Salzburg, 1973.

Dulcissime carl orff biography

Carl Orff's Career

Carl Orff's Awards

Famous Works

Further Reading